Two-tone textile fabric



Sept. 14 1926. 1,599,910

P. MIJER TWO-TONE .TEXTILE FABRIC Filed June 5o, 1924 z sheets-sheet 1 `CZ wo W20 www 9522 Sept. 14 1926. 1,599,910

P. naLJEFz TWO-TONE TEXTILE FABRIC Filed June 5d, 1924 2 sheets-Sheep 2 Fate-med Sept. 14, 19236.

unir-ED STA-TES OFFICE.

Prairie-r. Mirna, or `New YoaK, N. Y., A'ssIG'Non, isY Mns'NE AssrGNiuENrs, ro T'Irn Two-TONE conroRAfrIoN, or NEW YORK, N. Y., A 'CORPORATION o'rNEw YORK'.

Two-TONE TEXTILE Fasnia.

Application led .Tune 30,

This invention relates to improvements inl textile vfabrics having two-tone effects, that is to say7 colored with one color or tone on `one side thereof,and colored with a different colo'r Yor tone on the other side thereof; such fabrics being heretofore made either by the double weaving with threads of differentA colors; or by using animal and vegetable libres and so weaving. the material Vthat the animal libres were exposed on one side of the material and the vegetable fibres were exposed onthe other side of the material, after which the material was dyed initw'o baths,` oney which colored the animal libres; while the other colored the vegetable libres. The present invention provides a textil'efabric'made'of either animal or vegetable libre or mixtures of both, which is one coloro'r tone on one face thereof and a dif- 3' ferent color or tone on the other face thereof; and this irrespective of the direction in w-hichthe vthreads run or the relation of animal to vegetable vlibres when a mixture of these is employed; more specifically1 the invention vprovides a permeable textile 'fabric such as silk, cotton or linen of the kind lordinarily employed in commerce, which is colored one color or tone on one side and another color or tone on the other side; where the textile fabric is a mixture of animal and vegetable bres such as silk and artilicial, silk, the surfaces will present the Colors selected irrespective of whether one surface is. mainly constituted by the artilicial silk and the other by the natural silk. The invention further contemplates tex'- tile fabrics having different color effects on one side thereof as compared with the color ell'ects on the other side thereof, irrespective of whether the fabric is made of animal or vegetable libre or mixtures of both, and irrespective of the preponderance of one or other type ofv fibre in one or other surface. The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which K p n Fig. 1r is a .purelydiagrammatic showing indicating` a crossfsectionythrough a piece of fabric colored on both sides thereof; A

Fig. 2 illustrates in vpurely diagrammatic form the depth of color when the textile fabric' is` thick p Fig; 3'-i`s a diagrammatic view of a single-woven fabric presenting the two'- 1924:.V Serial N. 723,167.

Fig. 5 is a thread from the Fig. v3; Fig. 6 shows a fabric of vegetable fibres with an intermiXture of animal libres;

Fig. 7V is an exaggerated diagrammatic view of a portion of VtheV improved fabric with 'a 'design' printed thereon Fig'. 8 is a diagrammatic view of. a piece` of accordion pleatin-g made in accordance with the invent-ion;

Fig'. 9 illustrates longitudinal ambre and rainbow effects;

Fig. 10 illustrates Vstencil effects; and

Figs. llland 12 illustrate other effects.

Figure 13 is a section of'o'ne unit of a' dyeing apparatus such as is described and illustrated my copen'ding application Serial No. '692,762, and which is referred to hereinafter in order that the process o'f making my improved textilek fabric may be more readily understood.

Figure 14 is a longitudinal section along the line 141-14 of Fig. 13, and l Figure 15 represents Vdia'grammaticallly in elevation certain vapparatus which may be successively used incarrying out the process.

Referring lirst to Figs. 1 and 2, Fig. 1 represents a piece of thin silk such as a piece of flat silk, and Fig. 2 represents a thicker fabric such as a fabric used in ribbons; etc. The materials illustrated in these figures are made of the same fibre such as silk, linen or cotton; and are colored on one side c with one color, and the other side Z) with another and` different color or tone. The dotted line 2O in Fig. 1l indicates diagraiiimatica'lly a Zonewherethe two -colors intermingle; it is not necessary, however, that the colors 'should intermingle in this zone; the dotted lines V21 and 22 indicate the extent of penetration ofthe color` into the surfaces c and?) ofthe Vthicker fabric of Fig. 2. The fabric and. dotted lines areV not here shown to scale andl the drawing .is merely illustrative thatthe different, color dyescan eithercompletely color the fabric throughout itsthickness as in Fig. 1,-penetrate to a more limited extent as Fig. 2, or overlap in a central zone indicated by the line 20 in F ig. 1. The permeable fabric is dyed by the process described in the copending applications Serial No. 692,762 filed February 14th, 1924, Serial No. 723,166 filed June 30, 1924, Serial No. 725,100 filed July 10, 1924, and Serial No. 692,763 filed July 16, 1924, all of which describe methods and apparatus for coloring permeable material, such as silk, with one color on one side thereof and with another color on the other side thereof, said colors in general coloring the surface on one side of the material scubstantially evenly and without the formation of spots or substantial streaks, without the color penetrating through to the other surface thereof, except where the eflect of such penetration is especially desired to make a mixture with the color on the other surface thereof.

After the material has been dried or steamed and is otherwise treated in the. manner usual in the art according to the finish desired, the material or silk presents the characteristic that the dye penetrates the surface to an extent 'desired depending upon the length of time that the material is eX- posed to the color cloud. This extent is preferably such that in the case of light fabrics, the penetration on both sides is suf` licient to give the color body and to secure the desired coloring` effect on the material, so that the color will not readily wash off or otherwise expose uncolored surfaces of the fabric, the effect of the aforesaid steaming is to fix or set the dye in the libres of the fabric as is described in said copending applications so thatl the dye will be substantially fast in the fabric. The silk according to the invention has been washed, and the colors found to be substantially fast for practical commercial usage; where the color has penetrated into the silk in a predetermined amount it is actually penetrated by the dye, and thereafter set by steaming operation to such an extent that the silk possesses highly desirable qualities and compares with silk ordinarily in use. 'Ihe fabric presents on each surface a homogeneously and differently colored face which makes it possible to employ the fabric for a large variety of commercial purpose; for eX- ample, lamp shades, ladies blouses, in which the collars and cuffs are formed by turning` over the material, umbrellas and other uses, some of which will be described and claimed in separate patent applications. Owing to the fact that the process is applicable to ordinary woven fabrics now upon the market irrespective of whether they are single or double-weave animal or vegetable fibres, the improved product presents the advantage that the silk material does not have to be specially woven for the dyeing; that is to say, silk woven for the ordinary dyeing processes can also be used for the present process; the textile fabric made in accordance with the invent-ion therefore differs from similar fabrics in the following points: (a) the surface of the improved dyed fabric (unless it is printed as described later) 1s substantially evenly colored or homogeneously colored, that is to say, the colored surface does not show to the naked eye a large number of small specks of color, but is a substantially evenly colored surface comparable as to its evenness to the surface resulting from the ordinary vat dyeing processes; (Z2) threads in the fibre which run from one surface to the other are colored one color near and at one surface and the other color near and at the other surface, so that a continuous cross-thread, if taken out of the fabric, will be found to be made up of a number of different colored portions. This is illustrated clearly with reference to Figs. 3 and 4. Referring to F ig. 3, the cross-threads 23 and 24 respectively on the surfaces c@ and b are colored different colors which either wholly or partly penetrate said threads; cated the zones by the dotted lines 21 and 22, showing the depths of the color penetration on the sides a and ZJ from which it will be noted that portions of the cross-thread 25 l are stationed some in one color zone, and some in the other, while other portions of the cross-thread are stationed in the intermediate zone between the dotted lines 21 and 22, and are uncolored. Fig. 5 shows a diagrammatic view of this cross-thread 25 removed from the fabric, from which it will be seen that same presents portions 26, for example, colored red, portions 27, for example, colored blue, and portions 28 which are not colored at all. In Fig. 4 I have shown a double-woven fabric with two sets of cross-threads and two sets of longitudinal threads; the longitudinal threads pass from one color zone into the other and present the characteristic that portions of said threads are colored different colors according to the color zone through which they pass.

The fabric therefore differs essentially from the well-known double-woven7 fabrics made up of different woven threads now on the market, and which present different colors on different sides; each thread of said double-woven fabric is of one color and is dyed before weaving; the improved product is also distinct from fabrics made of a mixture of animal and vegetable libres in which all of the animal fibres are colored one color, while all the vegetable libres are colored another and different color.

Referring to Fig. 6, I show in the upper view a diagrammtic representation of a piece of silk consisting of a mixture of artificial and natural silk fibres. The artificial silk fibres are woven to produce the design 29,

I have here indiwhile Athelnatural silk fforms (the :ground 30.

The ivegetable :fibres ,extend @through thesilk and ystorm /the same design 29 on the lower surface bof the silk illustrated in the lower partof Fig. 6; the upper surface a may be dyed withv a 'dye .which has a given .action on the ordinarysiilk, vmaking' the ground 30; it differs `in its effect .on :the `artificial silk formingthe vdesign 29, with the result that the coloriof the. design 29 will be brought out fin contrast .with the color ground 30. The other surface b of the fabric may ybe dyed with ,an entirely different color which also alfectsithe artificialsilk on the surface '(3 differently from the -Way it alfectsthe *natural silk surface 30, thus producing -the pleasing effect ofaimaterial having tvvov contrasting.. ground colors Wthdesigns of colors differing inshade fromisaid ground colors; however, instead of dyeing the lower-surface with ,a dye vwhich differentiates the artificial silk 4.desi-gn '29 from the ground 30, a dye may be Yselected which has substantially the saine effect both on the artificialsilk and on thenatural -silkyso that ithefabric .Will present the pleasing appearance ofV having grounds of different colors on each Yside thereof, ,with nthedesig-n .on the artificial silk ina different tone on one side thereof, but substantially eliminated from the other side thereof.

Fig. 7 illust-rates color veffects produced by printing; inlthiscase the double-tone fabric is vprintedivitli a'design such as the leaf 3l,

the `color of which penetrates through the` surfaced to :the surface fhyas` illustrated diagramm-atically by the zone 32. The color effect-s here obtained vmay be additive; that is, thefprintingcolor may add to the ground color, thereby changing the color of `the printed design lon both the sides a: and b; thus, if the 'side @fis red and the side bis yellow, and the design y3l is printed in yellow, said'design will appear orange on the red side a., 'While on ythe yellow Vside Z9 `it will substantially disappear; if the vdesign is printed with another color such as black, -it Will appear black on both sides; when, as described above, the color of the printed designris .the same as that of one of the faces, it makes-*no striking -contrast on the face which `is `the Same color as the design, Aso

that ythe fabric presen-ts the appearance of being printed von one side with contrasting color-s, 'but o n vthe ,other `side is all ofV the same color-With the design in shadow effect or substantially eliminated (although upon close examination the design maybey traced sinceitisin darker color than the surround ing ground). One orboth of the surfaces a and?) maybe colored with so-ealled ldirect dyes, and the printing can be effected with liydrosulphite with Aor Without a 'basic dye Wilt-litlieiesultthat the desi-gn can be print-y ed'in colo-rs Vwhich are different frem-the'sun rounding ground; when the sidedl iscolored with adirect .dye land the other 4With a basic dye and the design 3l .is printed by e);- tracting, it v.f'ill.extract only from the side a, but not from the side b, thereby producing a novel'effect.

In Figz I shouf accordion pleating made first-mentioned side; thus, the surface 33 7 may be green, the surface 34 yellow, the underesurface which is under the surface 33 may be ye low, and the lundersurface 86, which is under the surface 3e may be orange; this is accomplished by exposing a vatfdyed piece of goods colored yellon7 and accordion pleated -to a color cloud on each of its faces, one color cloud being blue and ,forming a green with the yellow, and the other cloud being red and f forming an orange With the yellow, thereby coloringthe surfaces 33 green, and the surfaces 36 orange. Y

In Fig. 9 l have shown a so-called ombre effect produced by exposing the material to clouds of varying density, or by exposing portions of the material to clouds offdifferent color; Zones-37 and-38 maybe dark blue, and the Zone 39 may be a light blue; this is obtained rby forming the color cloud densest at thesides and Weakest at the center; if the cloud is densest at one side, thematerial will be coloreddarkestat said side and 'lightest at the other side. wher the color `is permitted to penetrate through the material the under side Z) Will present a similar sunlace; Where the mate# rialis subjected to color clouds of different colors,lzonesr7, 38 andQ on thesu'rfacea` Will be of different colors; Where these colors do not penetrate to the surface b, Zones 39, eO-andlll can alsoibe-of colorsvdifferent from the Zones 37, 38 and B9. The gradation of `color in passingfrom one zone to another is gradual, andrnot a sharply .defined line; the dotted lines herein being merely diagrammatic, vand not intend-cd to indicate a sharp line of demarcation.

In Fig. l0 l shouT stencil effects indicated by the stencil design 50. The effects .obtained With stencil devices vary Widely and some will now be described; the design 50 is made by Vcovering the surface ca or the fabric at rthe point 50 so that the color Vcloud does notdescend upon the point 50, but protects the original material lfrom the color cloud,so that the design 50 presents theVv color of the original'material; assuming the originalmaterial toibe yat-dyed yellonyand subjected te a red color cloud on thesitle e,

ln the case the ground of the material will be orange,

. but the design will be in the original yellow;

assuming the side Z) to be exposed to a blue color cloud, the ground will be colored green which will be darker at the point where the ground of the side b overlaps the ground of the side a, but at the stencil point the design 51 will appear in a different green owing to the fact that there is no red behind it on the surface Still more complex effects can be obtained if a stencil is also employed in connection with the dyeing of the side Z), in which case the portions of the design 51 and additional portions 52 indicated in dotted lines can also be maintained the original yellow; as a result, the fabric will consist of the following color combination; on the surface a the red and yellow are mixed to form orange, with the yellow portion on the surface Z) yellow and blue are mixed to form green, with the design 51 and 52 in original yellow.

In Fig, 11 I show a fabric which is vatdyed and colored only on one side; for instance, the material is vat-dyed yellow and colored only by means of a cloud on one side exposed to a red cloud, so that it is orange on one side indicated by 51 and yellow on the other indicated by 52. Each of the threads will be fully colored, but each thread which ent-ers the orange color zone will contain orange colored portions.

In Fig. 12 I illustrate a product which is colored on one side only but the color can be seen on the other side to such an extent as to tint the other surface; a piece of white silk is exposed to a red color cloud and colored red as indicated by 53; surface 54 is pink and forms a desirable contrasting color with the red surface 53.

The process of making this fabric can be either that set forth in the prior application Serial No. 692.762, or any of the applications herein referred to, but in order that the invention may be better comprehended, I will now proceed to describe the process and apparatus for making this fabric in accordance with prior application 692,762, and with particular reference to Figures 13 to 15 of the drawings.

Referring to the drawings, it will be seen that l0 represents a table bearing thereon a removable support 11 upon which the material 12 to be dyed is placed. The material here represented is adapted to serve as a dress length, and is laid flat andl without wrinkles or folds upon the support 11, to which it is attached at its edges as shown, by suit-able thumb tacks. 13 represents a box-like cover or hood which is seated on the tabe 10 and encloses the cloud of atomized dyeing matter held in suspension. 14 represents an air-brush of well-known character, such as a Wold air-brush, connected to a tank l5 or other source of compressedV air, and the tank 16 or other source of liquid dye. 17 is a shield running longitudinally of the hood and dividing it into two chambers, the spray chamber (a) and the cloud chamber (o) the shield being interposed between the spray and the support 11 on which the material is supported, and protecting the fabric from the action of the spray. 18 represents doors to permit inspection, and the insertion and withdrawal of the support 11 and the material thereon, and the removal of the trough 19. It will be noted that the lower portion of the shield forms this trough 19, which is siightly inclined asA seen in Figure 2, so should the coloring matter collect in this trough in any quantity, it can be drawn od through the tap 20. It is to be particularly noted that the roof of the hood 13 has curvedportions 21 in order to shape the cloud of atomized dye to predetermined form, thereby assisting in insuring an even or homogeneous coloring of the material.

The dye in liquid form is contained in the container 16 and in the form of airbrush here illustrated, it is drawn into the nozzle by aspiration, but it will be obvious that the dye may be fed into the air-brush in any usual manner, as by gravity, for example. The liquid d-ye is prepared in the same manner as for the usual vat dyeing processes, except that the solution is considerably more concentra-ted. The degree of concentration depends upon the final tint of color desired; for example, I have obtained good results with the use of a half ounce to one ounce of the dye, to a quart of the other liquid constituents of the dyeing mixture.

The air-brush 111 is provided with the usual needle valve 22 for regulating the extent of orifice thereof, and a valve 23 is provided in the line between the air-brush and the source of dye supply or tank 1o in order to control further the amount of color supply if desired. rIhe amount of air and dye supply can be varied within a wide range by operating the needle valve 22 of the air-brush 1st, and the pressure of the atomizing air by means of the cut-off and pressure regulating valve 23a being preferably supplied at a pressure of about 30 pounds. In most cases, this regulation will be sullicient, but it may also` be desirable to provide for the further regulation of the quantity of the dye supplied by means of the aforesaid valve 23. It will be obvious that the contents of the mixture emitted from the mouth of the air-brush is under the positive control of the operator, and that he can determine with exactitude the conditions obtaining in the spray; as a consequence, the cloud formed from this spray will be controlled by the operatorvas to its pressure and density, and it is further controlled as to its shape by the shape of the GES heed; it ie further eentretled .es .te the quen- .tity ,of dye preSeIfit in proportion to' the (litllfty 4 l Present, :and TQPPQSQHS ft substantially' homogeneous niass lof, extremely fine particles of 5liquid dye held in suspension in the air. Itis to be noted that the peint et feitmetel 0f' this' elejud re in trent .ef ,the errer, A.which errer ,ie eet direeted on to the fabric, butl on ,the contrary, lis shielded from the fabricby nieans of the ,shield 17, Whitt presente :the teleline" met- ,ter from ccniling'iiito contact with the fabric ,directly from thejniouthof the air-brush, orr

.in Athe forin ofaspray; in' other' Words, thc fabric .is not subjected to Qthe direct `action ,of the airbrush spray' itself, orto Ethe droppings Kor spatteriiig `of the air-brush, but vonly to the action ofthe cloud. The cloud een be leentrelled, andate@ `held gebeten- .tiellr entfernt ee ,e eeselte' Whitt fthe e011- ,ditierxe eitette ie the ,dye Chamber een lee ...maintained Substantially .eeeetent ldefies 4 the `operation of the prcess.`

I v find .it advantageous lto ,provide curyed guide portions 2alocated-,at thepside and at the end et the .tfreuehf'eppeeite from thet Wheh ePPQltS ,the`'tti`1`l1i$h,` Whit/l1 Serve as guides to the particles in the formation .ofthe cloud.

While Al here Yhere `illietretefl' elflly elle air-brush, it Will (he apparent `that Iany suitfeble ,number Yei' Steh 'brushes .may be ,emjaltered .es sie `desireel',fand' that .thee they be lerereeged in `eey cSiiiteble 01 .eehve'nelt lecleeiieny A Preferred erteratien, et the miereved methedeaetepparatile @will met' be f'ee'etted `with referente te the t 1-*farines ,fe-ftd' ielud- :,aeftliezdeaeem .et ,i1-Ti, elle 1.5-

l he felklie tiret dries; .if itis-.Het already elle enough, ,by `heine rl'eeed: fie .e 'Suitable heating ehemleer (405 .whele ,it 113er be .heet- @ed .tothe desired extent. [The support' 11 with the materialIQ-liereonisplacedinthe Chamber V(B):,..fe1dettieetedlte the e-eten iet-the .eleuellwhich,eleud ,vietati-stained by ftlieneeetinaeee #Operetten ,et ,the elftluee eerie eethe dyeing ,preeeee k01net xthe eleve flies' been Iieleeieel, and' ie beine maintained,

` .it is net neeeeeery ,te eter the .ereletien et the air-brush after the piece of materialhas ,been coloredto 1the desired extent, `as this piecefofmaterial vcap be jyvithdrawn, ,and .another-piece efe-material placed in ythe dyeme ehalirber 'through Vthe right-heed l @leer 18@ The ,slight disturbance ,of .the ,cloud eetleedaby theeepenee et the deer- 158 -e i net sufficient to materially affect the "collqring oper-ation. Theeutentpfipenetration of the dye into theffabric'ydepends upc-nthe length of 'time-the material ,-remai-,ns V,Within the .ebembel .the .emettlltfefitlye :in the Spray, faad-rttenetete effraie.dive-v Cemieleterenetreten .eee-flee eteeted byl'eeries tnxllene l...-.e.n,ei1gh,Heut-,if ,itie-notdeeredl te penetrate Imore than a predetermined amount, as Will be the case Where the' process is .employed for 4coloring articles on' both sides, which appears Ito be one of `the inost valuable uses olf the process, theV materia-l' Willy be rremoved 'from the dyeing chaniber before the penetration of Ithe dye has exceeded a desired point, `and thereafter it lmaybe dyed on the opposite side thereof by placing` it in a second apparatus similar to theapparatus just descui` bed, as illustrated diagr'ainrnaltically in Figure 3, Wherein'E represents theapparatus yfor dyeing a piece of fabric `one c`oior,vfor example, blue, While' Fis the apparatus for dyeing the ymaterial With a second color von the opposite' side thereof; in this same `diagrani Gr represents Ian intermediate 'apparatus for heating or dryiiigtheinateriil.after it .here @weed fthleteh ,thefret .dyeing ehember, and Da steaniing apparatus for steain- A yiiig the fabric to set the dye, after'it'h'as been placed on the second chamber F, aud colored `thereon on the rother side thereof.

I is *illustrait-edy irl-.Figurefi in' diagralnniatic crossfsection, the `materials or silk coloredi/n accordance With the present inyentioiihpresente the ehere'eteeiete .that v,the dye-retietratjes Vthe 'surface' tov substantial extent, and' this extent is' `preferably so"v predeteruiined that in the ,case of Klight lfabricsfthe` ypeuetral'tion 4on ,both sides is substantially lequel te de full dyerls'et the materiel- 1t .will te apparent tiene :tlee ,deeeriietee of niy improved arocess kthat .tli'esjillliisluot in lall casesA (ey ycoated, but is actual-ly I "ieeeetreteby/thedre te eueh eeexteettllet ,thevsill possesses highly Idesirable qualities eed" eeeiiieree with 'eilte A,ereteelily 4it eee; the eater will eet ,Gelee eelt ettetgaes te ,eey 'substantiate greater exteet .thee tette .ratei e'editte tetti@ .presente enV eeetleetfeee f e ',heleeeeee'eesly feed etftelfeetly eele'red .reeel Whiehmekeelit ieeeiblelte eterlerlthe Y fabric'for a v'arietyof commercial purpeeeea for exemple, :leiter shades, led-ies blouses, Iin vyvlhich the collars Vandffcuffsn are formed V,by turning meer the yniateriial', urn- `brellas 1and otheru'ses. i i

,It will be nctedy'thyaut accprdauce ,with the preferred'@planner of carryiiigpoutfthe procesathe material is steained inthelusual steaming apparatus after havingybeen y ldyed on'bothsides, so as togset thedyes; the fabric isV otherwise treated in the manner ,usual in the .y dyeing art.

` ltwll beV eieeereet theme desired; e. eten- ,cil26' (shownin dotted'lineglig, '1)' can be s:placed loyer 4the material' yl2 order \tc secure thellprint of a design thereon, and

4`that Vthis be printedincolors if positive andfne'gative y stencils `are used, V in `Vwhich case, it becomes necessary toprovidc third or, fourth dyeing` chanib'er accle'rdihg Vto Whether three or four colors areto bejzem- CII -a. number of factors.

ployed. In such case, the part Which isV on the other side in the manner described above.

I wish it to be clearly understood that all the illustrations herein shown are merely diagrammatic and are notV intended to indicate the extent of penetration of the dye into the fabric which Will vary according to It Will also be obvious that the invention is not limited to the specific forms hereof as herein described, but can be varied in a wide range Without departing fromr the ambit of the invention and scope of the claims.

By the expression cloud-dyed which appears hereinafter inl the present claims, I mean dyed by means of a cloud of finely atomized particles of dye liquid, Which cloud does not contain or form drops which fall on the fabric and are large enough to appear to the naked eye as spots on the fabric, which spots show a deeper shade of color as compared With the surroundingl field of the same color produced by the deposition on the fabric of the fine particles in the cloud; nor does this cloud contain drops large enough to soak completely through the fabric so as to show a spot on each side of the fabric; nor do the particles of dye liquid in the cloud strike against the fabric directly from a spray.

The air-brush or atomizer selected for the .carrying out of this process must be capable of atomizing the liquid dye into minute particles which are suspended in the air or gas; artists air-brushes of the Wold type` have been found to give good results; drops issuing from the air brush are separated from the smaller particles Which form the cloud, and the cloud particles come gently to rest upon the fabric and do not strike against it With appreciable velocity.

In the claims which follow, I use the expression permeable to cover such goods as will be completely penetrated by the impingement or projection of drops thereon, that is, the drops applied to one side soak through and Wet the other side, and I include in this category, among other fabrics, sillrs such as tulles, crepes, satins, rayons and other light Weight fabrics.

That I claim isl. A permeable two-tone textile fabric dyed substantially uniformly with one dye one one face thereof to form a substantially even color ground and a different dye on the other facethereof to form another substantially even color ground, threads running from one face to the other having portions dyed With one dye and other portions dyed with the other dye, and the color ground being free from spots 2. A permeable piece-dyed two-tone single-weave textile fabric which is colored throughout its thickness by strata of dyes of different color to form different and substantially even color grounds, the dye exposed at one surface being of one color, and the dye exposed at the other surface being of another color, and the color face being' free from spots.

3. A permeable two-tone textile fabric dyed with one dye on one face thereof and a different dye on the other face thereof, the threads running from one face to the other having portions dyed with one dye, other portions dyed with the other dye, and portions which are not dyed at all, each face being substantially uniform as to the evenness of its color.

4L. A permeable two-tone textile fabric each side of which presents a distinct color or tone different from the color or tone on the other side of the fabric, which fabric is made of threads all of the same raw material With cross threads running from one surface to the other, and each cross thread having portions which correspond Withthe different colors or tones of the surfaces of the fabric. Y

5. A permeable two-tone textile fabric dyed with one dye on one face thereof and a different dye on the other face thereof to form substantially even color grounds, the threads running from one face to the other having portions dyed With one dye and other portions dyed With the other dye, said color ground bearing a design thereon.

6. A permeable single-Weave two-tone textile fabric in Which the threads are made of the same material, and in which the fabric bears a design thereon, the color of the design as it appears on one side of the twotone fabric being different from the color of the design as it appears on the other side of the two-tone fabric.

7. A permeable piece-dyed two-tone textile fabric in Which the threads are made of the same material, both surfaces of said fabric bearing denite uniform color effects, and the color effect on one surface being diflerent from the color effect on the other 10. A permeable textile fabric presenting a surface on one side which is vat-dyed and a different color surface on the other side which is both vat dyed and cloud-dyed.

11. A permeable piece-dyed textile fabric having a side thereof colored to form a substantially even color ground by a dye which partially penetrates the fabric and is set in the fabric.

12. A two-tone textile fabric, presenting a surface on one side which is vat-dyed and a different color surface on the other side which is both vat dyed and cloud-dyed, the dyes being fast in the fabric.

13. A piece-dyed textile fabric, the thickness of which is partially penetrated by the dye to form a color surface presenting an iin-spotted and substantially even color ground formed by color-cloud dyeing.

14. As an article of manufacture, a fabric dyed in the piece and having two strata of color, one color forming a substantially even color ground on one face thereof and the other forming a separate and substantially even color ground on the other face thereof, the dyes forming said color grounds being fast in the fabric.

15. As a new article of manufacture, a textile fabric presenting a color ground which is cloud dyed so that the dye but partially penetrates the thickness of the fabric to form a color ground devoid of spots.

16. As a new article of manufacture, a textile fabric presenting a color surface which is cloud-dyed by means of a dye so that the dye but partially penetrates the thickness of the fabric to form a color ground devoid of spots, the dye forming said color ground being set in the fabric.

17. As a new article of manufacture, a textile fabric presenting a color surface which is color cloud dyed and devoid of spots and bearing a design thereon, the dyes forming said color surface being fast in Vz the fabric.

18. As a new article of manufacture, a two-tone cloud dyed fabric with the dye set in the fabric.

19. As a new article of manufacture twotone cloud dyed fabric.

1n testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

PIETER MIJER. 

